Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and related disorders

Etiology
In one series of 71 pediatric patients with ADEM, 46 (75%) had anti-MOG antibodies. However, the presence of anti-MOG antibodies does not necessary mean that these patients will have ongoing disease. The majority of patients did not have clinical relapses despite the presence of the anti-MOG antibody.

Plasmapheresis
In a small study of 65 pediatric patients with acute demyelinating syndromes who did not respond to steroids, plasmapheresis was well tolerated and most patients had improvement after. However, there was no control group.